Heavy load of graphics

am 05.10.2004 07:01:00 von ankitjain1580

hi

well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM

i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one
having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around 90%
is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb
RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i
oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this . if
we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
this load while working in GUI envt

thanks

Ankit

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 05.10.2004 07:45:55 von Jeff Woods

At 10/5/2004 06:01 AM +0100, Ankit Jain wrote:
>well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM
>
>i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one having 512 Mb RAM the
>most of the memory is lost or taken by graphics or xserver. on my system
>around 90% is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb RAM around
>70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i oculd not get any article or
>stuff relate to this . if we can do something in kernel or in some way
>reduce this load while working in GUI envt

What makes you think you need to reduce memory usage? There is no penalty
for using all of memory (but there is when you try to use more than is
available). Modern operating systems use physical RAM for all kinds of
things (e.g., disc cache) that are released only when something else needs
RAM. Ignore the "RAM in use" indicators; instead pay attention to disc I/O
(both I/Os per second and MBs per second) and perhaps CPU
utilization. Real memory pressure is best monitored by watching for disc
I/Os related to swapping and perhaps page faults.

--
Jeff Woods

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 05.10.2004 08:34:44 von Ray Olszewski

At 06:01 AM 10/5/2004 +0100, Ankit Jain wrote:
>hi
>
>well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM
>
>i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one
>having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
>taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around 90%
>is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb
>RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i
>oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this . if
>we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
>this load while working in GUI envt

When you say "the most of the memory is lost", what exactly do you mean by
"lost"?

Any Linux system will gradually "use" 100% of available (real, not swap)
memory, by the common measures of "use", such as the diaplay in "top" or on
the first line of "free". But most of this memory (on a typical system,
anyway) is used for "cache and buffer", a jargony phrase that means, in
plain English, that Linux keeps in memory copies of recently run
executables and recently accessed data files.

You see one effect of this bit of optimizing when you run a command and it
takes a couple of seconds to run, then run it again and it runs close to
instantly. The difference, often, is that the first time, the command had
to be loaded from disk, but the second time it was cached.

But the kernel knows to make this memory available to any new processes
that need it, so it is available to users.

To see how much of your RAM is being used for cache and buffer, run "free"
and look at the entries on the second line.

OF course, all of this response is a guess. A 128 MB system running a rich
GUI like KDE might well use most of its RAM for real; here, for example,
the system I have that runs KDE really is using about 200 MB of its 768 MB
of RAM. But to be using most of 512 MB of RAM, you would have to be running
a lot of apps.

If you really are using memory with active applications, then your only
solution is to run fewer, or smaller, apps. To help at that level, we'd
need to know more of the details of how your system is set up.

PS - I'd appreciate your using standard English spellings, capitalization,
punctuation, and syntax in future postings. The shortcuts you used made it
hard for me to read your message, anough so that I almost did not take the
time to reply to it.

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 05.10.2004 11:25:45 von Geert Uytterhoeven

On Tue, 5 Oct 2004, Ankit Jain wrote:
> well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM
>
> i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one
> having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
> taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around 90%
> is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb
> RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i
> oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this . if
> we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
> this load while working in GUI envt

How much memory does your video cards have? This amount is included in the
reported size of the X server, so just subtract it, and see whether the result
looks saner.

Gr{oetje,eeting}s,

Geert

--
Geert Uytterhoeven -- There's lots of Linux beyond ia32 -- geert@linux-m68k.org

In personal conversations with technical people, I call myself a hacker. But
when I'm talking to journalists I just say "programmer" or something like that.
-- Linus Torvalds
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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 05.10.2004 12:04:18 von Jim Nelson

Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 05.10.2004 14:26:56 von chuck gelm net

Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 05.10.2004 18:25:37 von Terrence Martin

Ankit Jain wrote:

>hi
>
>well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb RAM
>
>i have seen not only on this sytem but the other one
>having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
>taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around 90%
>is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512 Mb
>RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this load. i
>oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this . if
>we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
>this load while working in GUI envt
>
>thanks
>
>Ankit
>
>___________________________________________________________ _____________
>Yahoo! Messenger - Communicate instantly..."Ping"
>your friends today! Download Messenger Now
>http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com/download/index.html
>-
>To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in
>the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
>More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
>Please read the FAQ at http://www.tux.org/lkml/
>
>
>
Can you post the following

The output of the free command

# free

As well as the top 10 or so processes copied from top?

Run top
# top

Then hit M (capital M) to sort by memory,

Then past the results to the email.. It is a lot easier to know what is
going on if everyone can see the actual memory information.

For example

$ free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1550128 1515028 35100 0 160944 801932
-/+ buffers/cache: 552152 997976
Swap: 2449904 19928 2429976

Output of top, sorted by memory.

19725 tmartin 15 0 145M 145M 26196 S 2.7 9.5 20:17 0
mozilla-bin
9925 root 15 0 135M 66M 8472 S 3.5 4.3 270:54 0 X
17665 tmartin 15 0 20912 20M 16488 S 0.0 1.3 0:00 0 kdeinit
17632 tmartin 15 0 17260 16M 14352 S 0.1 1.1 2:40 0 kdeinit
17659 tmartin 15 0 15332 14M 12684 S 0.0 0.9 0:07 0 kdeinit
17657 tmartin 15 0 14916 14M 12564 S 0.0 0.9 0:00 0 kdeinit
23837 tmartin 15 0 14860 14M 12676 S 0.0 0.9 0:00 0 kdeinit
19561 tmartin 15 0 14792 14M 12584 S 0.0 0.9 0:00 0 kdeinit
19638 tmartin 15 0 14652 14M 12560 S 0.0 0.9 0:00 0 kdeinit
17630 tmartin 15 0 14568 14M 12748 S 0.0 0.9 0:02 0 kdeinit

In my case I am in good shape. I am not using much swap, X is using
133MB of RAM but only 66MB are actually resident. That is there is only
66MB in physical memory, even though the memory size is 135MB. Mozilla
on the other hand has asked for 145MB of RAM and it is using all of it.

One way to reduce the Xwindows RAM footprint a bit is to run a much
smaller window manager. For example instead of the heavier Gnome or KDE
run XFCE.

The current version of Fedora Redhat supports this I believe.

Terrence

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 06.10.2004 06:55:18 von ankitjain1580

well i hope this will give u a idea about my sys
current status

thanks
[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ free
total used free shared
buffers cached
Mem: 117912 116700 1212 0
1068 28472
-/+ buffers/cache: 87160 30752
Swap: 522072 41440 480632
[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ top

10:35:20 up 17 min, 2 users, load average: 0.03,
0.14, 0.16
60 processes: 57 sleeping, 3 running, 0 zombie, 0
stopped
CPU states: 1.3% user 0.0% system 0.0% nice
0.0% iowait 98.6% idle
Mem: 117912k av, 116000k used, 1912k free,
0k shrd, 1100k buff
64652k actv, 0k in_d,
1084k in_c
Swap: 522072k av, 43448k used, 478624k free
28232k cached

PID USER PRI NI SIZE RSS SHARE STAT %CPU %MEM
TIME CPU COMMAND
3587 root 15 0 140M 6132 1056 R 0.8 5.2
0:22 0 X
3783 ankit 15 0 1052 1052 852 R 0.4 0.8
0:00 0 top
1 root 15 0 88 60 40 S 0.0 0.0
0:03 0 init
2 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 keventd
3 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kapmd
4 root 34 19 0 0 0 SWN 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 ksoftirqd_CPU0
9 root 25 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 bdflush
5 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kswapd
6 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kscand/DMA
7 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kscand/Normal
8 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kscand/HighMem
10 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kupdated
11 root 25 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 mdrecoveryd
110 root 25 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 khubd
3169 root 15 0 172 120 100 S 0.0 0.1
0:00 0 syslogd
3173 root 15 0 52 4 0 S 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 klogd
3191 rpc 15 0 76 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 portmap
3210 rpcuser 25 0 80 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 rpc.statd
3277 root 24 0 52 4 0 S 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 apmd
3315 root 25 0 244 4 0 S 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 sshd

--- Terrence Martin wrote:
> Ankit Jain wrote:
>
> >hi
> >
> >well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb
> RAM
> >
> >i have seen not only on this sytem but the other
> one
> >having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
> >taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around
> 90%
> >is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512
> Mb
> >RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this
> load. i
> >oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this .
> if
> >we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
> >this load while working in GUI envt
> >
> >thanks
> >
> >Ankit
> >
>
>___________________________________________________________ _____________
> >Yahoo! Messenger - Communicate instantly..."Ping"
> >your friends today! Download Messenger Now
> >http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com/download/index.html
> >-
> >To unsubscribe from this list: send the line
> "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in
> >the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> >More majordomo info at
> http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
> >Please read the FAQ at http://www.tux.org/lkml/
> >
> >
> >
> Can you post the following
>
> The output of the free command
>
> # free
>
> As well as the top 10 or so processes copied from
> top?
>
> Run top
> # top
>
> Then hit M (capital M) to sort by memory,
>
> Then past the results to the email.. It is a lot
> easier to know what is
> going on if everyone can see the actual memory
> information.
>
> For example
>
> $ free
> total used free shared
> buffers cached
> Mem: 1550128 1515028 35100 0
> 160944 801932
> -/+ buffers/cache: 552152 997976
> Swap: 2449904 19928 2429976
>
> Output of top, sorted by memory.
>
> 19725 tmartin 15 0 145M 145M 26196 S 2.7
> 9.5 20:17 0
> mozilla-bin
> 9925 root 15 0 135M 66M 8472 S 3.5
> 4.3 270:54 0 X
> 17665 tmartin 15 0 20912 20M 16488 S 0.0
> 1.3 0:00 0 kdeinit
> 17632 tmartin 15 0 17260 16M 14352 S 0.1
> 1.1 2:40 0 kdeinit
> 17659 tmartin 15 0 15332 14M 12684 S 0.0
> 0.9 0:07 0 kdeinit
> 17657 tmartin 15 0 14916 14M 12564 S 0.0
> 0.9 0:00 0 kdeinit
> 23837 tmartin 15 0 14860 14M 12676 S 0.0
> 0.9 0:00 0 kdeinit
> 19561 tmartin 15 0 14792 14M 12584 S 0.0
> 0.9 0:00 0 kdeinit
> 19638 tmartin 15 0 14652 14M 12560 S 0.0
> 0.9 0:00 0 kdeinit
> 17630 tmartin 15 0 14568 14M 12748 S 0.0
> 0.9 0:02 0 kdeinit
>
>
> In my case I am in good shape. I am not using much
> swap, X is using
> 133MB of RAM but only 66MB are actually resident.
> That is there is only
> 66MB in physical memory, even though the memory size
> is 135MB. Mozilla
> on the other hand has asked for 145MB of RAM and it
> is using all of it.
>
> One way to reduce the Xwindows RAM footprint a bit
> is to run a much
> smaller window manager. For example instead of the
> heavier Gnome or KDE
> run XFCE.
>
> The current version of Fedora Redhat supports this I
> believe.
>
> Terrence
>
> -
> To unsubscribe from this list: send the line
> "unsubscribe linux-newbie" in
> the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> More majordomo info at
> http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
> Please read the FAQ at
> http://www.linux-learn.org/faqs
>

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 06.10.2004 08:35:39 von ankitjain1580

thanks

this is the output

i am using redhat linux 9.0

"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons (PCMCIA,
ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you used
chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i am
intrested in closing these services

thanks again

[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
total: used: free: shared: buffers:
cached:
Mem: 120741888 118902784 1839104 0 1695744
74162176
Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
MemTotal: 117912 kB
MemFree: 1796 kB
MemShared: 0 kB
Buffers: 1656 kB
Cached: 36536 kB
SwapCached: 35888 kB
Active: 65144 kB
ActiveAnon: 37092 kB
ActiveCache: 28052 kB
Inact_dirty: 4852 kB
Inact_laundry: 6728 kB
Inact_clean: 1068 kB
Inact_target: 15556 kB
HighTotal: 0 kB
HighFree: 0 kB
LowTotal: 117912 kB
LowFree: 1796 kB
SwapTotal: 522072 kB
SwapFree: 454192 kB
[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ ps -al
F S UID PID PPID C PRI NI ADDR SZ WCHAN TTY
TIME CMD
0 R 501 4306 4279 0 75 0 - 778 -
pts/0 00:00:00 ps
[ankit@Ankit ankit]$

--- Jim Nelson wrote:
> Ankit Jain wrote:
>
> >hi
> >
> >well i am using linux 9.0 kernel 2.4 ver. 128 Mb
> RAM
> >
> >i have seen not only on this sytem but the other
> one
> >having 512 Mb RAM the most of the memory is lost or
> >taken by graphics or xserver. on my system around
> 90%
> >is occupied by the xsever and on the sys with 512
> Mb
> >RAM around 70% is occupied. how to reduce this
> load. i
> >oculd not get any article or stuff relate to this .
> if
> >we can do something in kernel or in some way reduce
> >this load while working in GUI envt
> >
> >thanks
> >
> >Ankit
> >
> >
>
> Could you please post your ps -Al, /proc/meminfo,
> and lspci output? I
> know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons (PCMCIA,
> ISDN, etc) that are
> started by default - have you used chkconfig or
> redhat-config-services
> to shut off unneded services?
>
> The kernel also uses a lot of free memory for I/O
> caching - even my P4
> w/ 1GB RAMBUS shows 90% memory consumption in
> /proc/meminfo. Caching is
> a low-priority memory allocation - when the system
> needs memory for
> active processes, it should give the memory to the
> process.
>
> BTW, unless you are using a framebuffer kernel-level
> driver, X is
> handled almost exclusively in userland. On SPARC32
> (for example)
> framebuffers are pretty much the only way to get X
> working, but mostly,
> XFree86 and the X.org server that comes with FC2 use
> mostly user-space
> drivers.
> -
> To unsubscribe from this list: send the line
> "unsubscribe linux-newbie" in
> the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> More majordomo info at
> http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
> Please read the FAQ at
> http://www.linux-learn.org/faqs
>

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 06.10.2004 23:02:05 von Jim Nelson

Ankit Jain wrote:

>thanks
>
>this is the output
>
>i am using redhat linux 9.0
>
>"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons (PCMCIA,
>ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you used
>chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
>unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i am
>intrested in closing these services
>
>thanks again
>
>
>
Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to root, and type
"redhat-config-services &". That will give you a GUI to select the
services you wish to run. Depending on how much you selected when
installing, it could be quite a bit.

Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting into command-line mode,
and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login level.

The only critical services controlled by this are network, syslog,
xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS). Do not disable those unless
you know what you're doing it for. iptables is the firewall control
(only disable if you are in a very well protected network).

Most everything else can be turned off.

>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
> total: used: free: shared: buffers:
>cached:
>Mem: 120741888 118902784 1839104 0 1695744
>74162176
>Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
>MemTotal: 117912 kB
>MemFree: 1796 kB
>MemShared: 0 kB
>Buffers: 1656 kB
>Cached: 36536 kB
>SwapCached: 35888 kB
>Active: 65144 kB
>ActiveAnon: 37092 kB
>ActiveCache: 28052 kB
>Inact_dirty: 4852 kB
>Inact_laundry: 6728 kB
>Inact_clean: 1068 kB
>Inact_target: 15556 kB
>HighTotal: 0 kB
>HighFree: 0 kB
>LowTotal: 117912 kB
>LowFree: 1796 kB
>SwapTotal: 522072 kB
>SwapFree: 454192 kB
>
>

128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on RH9. You can do it
(that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's a pig.

You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your total process
memory. BTW - what kind of computer is it? If it's not some oddball
hardware, your best solution is some RAM. 256 MB is enough to make X happy.

>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ ps -al
>F S UID PID PPID C PRI NI ADDR SZ WCHAN TTY
> TIME CMD
>0 R 501 4306 4279 0 75 0 - 778 -
>pts/0 00:00:00 ps
>
>

The difference between 'ps -al' and 'ps -Al' (note the uppercase A) is
that ps -Al shows all of the processes running on the computer - whereas
ps -al only shows the processes running on the terminal that ran the
command.

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 07.10.2004 03:50:35 von chuck gelm net

Ankit Jain wrote:

>well i hope this will give u a idea about my sys
>current status
>
>thanks
>
>
i had never got memory lost kinda messages but aftger

some hours of working my system gets damn slow and
even mozilla never opens on it. when i start mozilla
it shows in panel starting mozilla and after a min
nothing opens.

thanks

ankit

It might be helpful if we saw the data of 'free' and 'top'
after it gets "slow and mozilla never opens on it".

Leave 'top' running on a virtual console and switch to it
when the systems gets slow. Try toggling the display with
the 'i' switch. Press a lower case 'i' and top will toggle
between showing 'idle' processes and not showing them.

In the data capture you shared, it is showing only 41 MB
of swap being (ever) used. Perhaps viewing this data while
mozilla is running would be more meaningful.

HTH, Chuck

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 07.10.2004 04:07:01 von heisspf

Want to free memory?

$ free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 223708 220120 3588 0 28356 107936
-/+ buffers/cache: 83828 139880
Swap: 128480 3996 124484

$ locate /usr/bin/f* or x* or g* ...

$ free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 223708 41364 182344 0 1520 28592
-/+ buffers/cache: 11252 212456
Swap: 128480 5056 123424

--
Peter

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 07.10.2004 07:48:27 von Ray Olszewski

At 10:07 AM 10/7/2004 +0800, Peter wrote:
>Want to free memory?
>
>$ free
> total used free shared buffers cached
>Mem: 223708 220120 3588 0 28356 107936
>-/+ buffers/cache: 83828 139880
>Swap: 128480 3996 124484
>
>$ locate /usr/bin/f* or x* or g* ...
>
>
>$ free
> total used free shared buffers cached
>Mem: 223708 41364 182344 0 1520 28592
>-/+ buffers/cache: 11252 212456
>Swap: 128480 5056 123424

Peter -- This is a pretty strange consequence of running the "locate"
command. And I cannot replicate it here. For example:

ray@waverly:~$ free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 773892 742056 31836 0 87600 441912
-/+ buffers/cache: 212544 561348
Swap: 0 0 0
ray@waverly:~$ locate /usr/bin/f*
/usr/bin/factor
[about 40 more lines, deleted here]
ray@waverly:~$ free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 773892 742076 31816 0 87608 441924
-/+ buffers/cache: 212544 561348
Swap: 0 0 0

Any idea what's causing the change on your system? My understanding of
Linux says it shouldn't work the way you report seeing it, so I'm wondering
what I am missing.

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 07.10.2004 08:25:42 von Owen Ford

--=-c4ayXTZQWiIvI3LV60GJ
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

On Thu, 2004-10-07 at 00:48, Ray Olszewski wrote:
> At 10:07 AM 10/7/2004 +0800, Peter wrote:
> >Want to free memory?
> >
> >$ free
> > total used free shared buffers cach=
ed
> >Mem: 223708 220120 3588 0 28356 10793=
6
> >-/+ buffers/cache: 83828 139880
> >Swap: 128480 3996 124484
> >
> >$ locate /usr/bin/f* or x* or g* ...
> >
> >
> >$ free
> > total used free shared buffers cach=
ed
> >Mem: 223708 41364 182344 0 1520 2859=
2
> >-/+ buffers/cache: 11252 212456
> >Swap: 128480 5056 123424
>=20
> Peter -- This is a pretty strange consequence of running the "locate"=20
> command. And I cannot replicate it here. For example:
>=20
> ray@waverly:~$ free
> total used free shared buffers cache=
d
> Mem: 773892 742056 31836 0 87600 441912
> -/+ buffers/cache: 212544 561348
> Swap: 0 0 0
> ray@waverly:~$ locate /usr/bin/f*
> /usr/bin/factor
> [about 40 more lines, deleted here]
> ray@waverly:~$ free
> total used free shared buffers cache=
d
> Mem: 773892 742076 31816 0 87608 441924
> -/+ buffers/cache: 212544 561348
> Swap: 0 0 0
>=20
> Any idea what's causing the change on your system? My understanding of=20
> Linux says it shouldn't work the way you report seeing it, so I'm wonderi=
ng=20
> what I am missing.

It's not really anything to do with locate. You create an enormous
amount of memory pressure that won't be needed but the once. This
causes tho VM to dump most of what is in RAM to swap or just free the
pages.

I believe that is the LRU algorithm doing its job :)

In my case most of my applications were dumped to swap. X was still
snappy but almost everything else was massively sluggish and locate ate
all available memory plus a big chunk of swap.

spider ~ # free =20
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1034704 1023732 10972 0 53008 334368
-/+ buffers/cache: 636356 398348
Swap: 2048248 25464 2022784
spider ~ # locate /usr/bin/g*

spider ~ # free=20
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1034704 132848 901856 0 652 36024
-/+ buffers/cache: 96172 938532
Swap: 2048248 252972 1795276
spider ~ #=20

--=20
Owen Ford

() ascii ribbon campaign - against html e-mail=20
/\ - against proprietary attachments

--=-c4ayXTZQWiIvI3LV60GJ
Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name=signature.asc
Content-Description: This is a digitally signed message part

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Version: GnuPG v1.2.6 (GNU/Linux)

iD8DBQBBZOFj4bjUYpnk5/QRAu0/AJwOcN1B1P7zQvD+Kiog0aQ5GbejUQCg w+a+
nIKORLCVZDWK06svhOeHrD4=
=tJ+0
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

--=-c4ayXTZQWiIvI3LV60GJ--

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 07.10.2004 14:14:26 von ankitjain1580

what is this doing

thanks

ankit
--- Peter wrote:
> Want to free memory?
>
> $ free
> total used free shared
> buffers cached
> Mem: 223708 220120 3588 0
> 28356 107936
> -/+ buffers/cache: 83828 139880
> Swap: 128480 3996 124484
>
> $ locate /usr/bin/f* or x* or g* ...
>
>
> $ free
> total used free shared
> buffers cached
> Mem: 223708 41364 182344 0
> 1520 28592
> -/+ buffers/cache: 11252 212456
> Swap: 128480 5056 123424
>
>
> --
> Peter
>
> -
> To unsubscribe from this list: send the line
> "unsubscribe linux-newbie" in
> the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> More majordomo info at
> http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
> Please read the FAQ at
> http://www.linux-learn.org/faqs
>

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 07.10.2004 14:48:52 von ankitjain1580

thanks a lot for help

but at this moment i am trying to find out what
services i should stop with this redhat-config service

and also i am confused in 1 more topic. top shows a
col on priority under PRI and also ps -Al shows a col
of priority i.e PRI what is the difference b/w both
becaz both shows different values

rest inline

--- Jim Nelson wrote:
> Ankit Jain wrote:
>
> >thanks
> >
> >this is the output
> >
> >i am using redhat linux 9.0
> >
> >"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons
> (PCMCIA,
> >ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you
> used
> >chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
> >unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i am
> >intrested in closing these services
> >
> >thanks again
> >
> >
> >
> Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to
> root, and type
> "redhat-config-services &". That will give you a
> GUI to select the
> services you wish to run. Depending on how much you
> selected when
> installing, it could be quite a bit.
>
> Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting into
> command-line mode,
> and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login
> level.
>
> The only critical services controlled by this are
> network, syslog,
> xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS). Do not
> disable those unless
> you know what you're doing it for. iptables is the
> firewall control
> (only disable if you are in a very well protected
> network).

do u know any document to know all this?

>
> Most everything else can be turned off.
>
> >[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
> > total: used: free: shared: buffers:
> >cached:
> >Mem: 120741888 118902784 1839104 0
> 1695744
> >74162176
> >Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
> >MemTotal: 117912 kB
> >MemFree: 1796 kB
> >MemShared: 0 kB
> >Buffers: 1656 kB
> >Cached: 36536 kB
> >SwapCached: 35888 kB
> >Active: 65144 kB
> >ActiveAnon: 37092 kB
> >ActiveCache: 28052 kB
> >Inact_dirty: 4852 kB
> >Inact_laundry: 6728 kB
> >Inact_clean: 1068 kB
> >Inact_target: 15556 kB
> >HighTotal: 0 kB
> >HighFree: 0 kB
> >LowTotal: 117912 kB
> >LowFree: 1796 kB
> >SwapTotal: 522072 kB
> >SwapFree: 454192 kB
> >
> >
>
> 128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on
> RH9. You can do it
> (that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's a
> pig.
>
> You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your
> total process
> memory. BTW - what kind of computer is it? If it's
> not some oddball
> hardware, your best solution is some RAM. 256 MB is
> enough to make X happy.
>

no X takes more than 70 % of memory with a system with
512 Mb of RAM i had seen that

and also as calculated it shows tyhat system uses
around 99Mb of RAM but it says only 2Mb is free? what
else is using that memory?

thanks

ankit

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 08.10.2004 00:00:10 von Jim Nelson

Ankit Jain wrote:

>thanks a lot for help
>
>but at this moment i am trying to find out what
>services i should stop with this redhat-config service
>
>
>
Pretty much anything you aren't going to use - if it's a desktop
machine, for example, you don't need sendmail running, for example.
As I mentioned before,

The only critical services controlled by this are network, syslog,
xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS). Do not disable those unless
you know what you're doing it for. iptables is the firewall control
(only disable if you are in a very well protected network).

>and also i am confused in 1 more topic. top shows a
>col on priority under PRI and also ps -Al shows a col
>of priority i.e PRI what is the difference b/w both
>becaz both shows different values
>
>
>

I'm not sure what the PRI column in "ps -Al" is bringing up - it's
definitely not System V or BSD priority - I think it might be the actual
kernel scheduler priority, whereas top and "ps al" show standard
BSD-style priorities.

Someone else have more info?

>rest inline
>
> --- Jim Nelson wrote:
>
>
>>Ankit Jain wrote:
>>
>>
>>
>>>thanks
>>>
>>>this is the output
>>>
>>>i am using redhat linux 9.0
>>>
>>>"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons
>>>
>>>
>>(PCMCIA,
>>
>>
>>>ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you
>>>
>>>
>>used
>>
>>
>>>chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
>>>unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i am
>>>intrested in closing these services
>>>
>>>thanks again
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to
>>root, and type
>>"redhat-config-services &". That will give you a
>>GUI to select the
>>services you wish to run. Depending on how much you
>>selected when
>>installing, it could be quite a bit.
>>
>>Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting into
>>command-line mode,
>>and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login
>>level.
>>
>>The only critical services controlled by this are
>>network, syslog,
>>xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS). Do not
>>disable those unless
>>you know what you're doing it for. iptables is the
>>firewall control
>>(only disable if you are in a very well protected
>>network).
>>
>>
>
>do u know any document to know all this?
>
>
>

Some is experience (killed my first box more times than I care to
admit), and most of it came from a book I bought that came with RH9.
Each service listed is actually a reference to a set of scripts in
/etc/rc.d/init.d - Red Hat-based distros use System V-style
initialization, with different runlevels for different functionality.

It takes some research, sometimes, to understand what each service
mentioned does. Honestly, a dead-tree book or 20 is a great resource -
especially when booting off a rescue disk and trying to remember what
you need to do to fix your system.

>>Most everything else can be turned off.
>>
>>
>>
>>>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
>>> total: used: free: shared: buffers:
>>>cached:
>>>Mem: 120741888 118902784 1839104 0
>>>
>>>
>>1695744
>>
>>
>>>74162176
>>>Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
>>>MemTotal: 117912 kB
>>>MemFree: 1796 kB
>>>MemShared: 0 kB
>>>Buffers: 1656 kB
>>>Cached: 36536 kB
>>>SwapCached: 35888 kB
>>>Active: 65144 kB
>>>ActiveAnon: 37092 kB
>>>ActiveCache: 28052 kB
>>>Inact_dirty: 4852 kB
>>>Inact_laundry: 6728 kB
>>>Inact_clean: 1068 kB
>>>Inact_target: 15556 kB
>>>HighTotal: 0 kB
>>>HighFree: 0 kB
>>>LowTotal: 117912 kB
>>>LowFree: 1796 kB
>>>SwapTotal: 522072 kB
>>>SwapFree: 454192 kB
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on
>>RH9. You can do it
>>(that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's a
>>pig.
>>
>>You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your
>>total process
>>memory. BTW - what kind of computer is it? If it's
>>not some oddball
>>hardware, your best solution is some RAM. 256 MB is
>>enough to make X happy.
>>
>>
>>
>
>no X takes more than 70 % of memory with a system with
>512 Mb of RAM i had seen that
>
>and also as calculated it shows tyhat system uses
>around 99Mb of RAM but it says only 2Mb is free? what
>else is using that memory?
>
>
>

The filesystem cache. From my machine:

[jim@david c]$ cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 905280 kB
MemFree: 46700 kB
Buffers: 110792 kB
Cached: 267252 kB
SwapCached: 24 kB
Active: 412068 kB
Inactive: 143296 kB
HighTotal: 0 kB
HighFree: 0 kB
LowTotal: 905280 kB
LowFree: 46700 kB
SwapTotal: 1048816 kB
SwapFree: 1048728 kB
Dirty: 20 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
Mapped: 227936 kB
Slab: 292576 kB
Committed_AS: 313896 kB
PageTables: 2048 kB
VmallocTotal: 122840 kB
VmallocUsed: 3520 kB
VmallocChunk: 118236 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
Hugepagesize: 4096 kB

This is from a 2.6 kernel, so a few things might be a bit different, but
the general scheme is the same. Notice over 350 MB are consumed by
buffers and the cache - but let me go and start GIMP and open a whole
bunch of high-resolution pictures and I get:

[jim@david c]$ cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 905280 kB
MemFree: 7280 kB
Buffers: 44084 kB
Cached: 263280 kB
SwapCached: 148 kB
Active: 511560 kB
Inactive: 96392 kB
HighTotal: 0 kB
HighFree: 0 kB
LowTotal: 905280 kB
LowFree: 7280 kB
SwapTotal: 1048816 kB
SwapFree: 1046204 kB
Dirty: 760 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
Mapped: 370692 kB
Slab: 278784 kB
Committed_AS: 445752 kB
PageTables: 2524 kB
VmallocTotal: 122840 kB
VmallocUsed: 3520 kB
VmallocChunk: 118236 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
Hugepagesize: 4096 kB

Notice how the buffer memory consumption is cut in half? I've still got
7 MB free memory - Linux tries to keep some memory free at all times to
prevent a machine from thrashing itself to death. Notice also that the
active memory count went up - and I actually had some stuff moved to my
disk swap space.

Now, my system responsiveness is not hindered at all - even with 20
pictures open in the GIMP.

Let's put the smackdown on this thing and open 120 pictures at 14.7 MB each.

MemTotal: 905280 kB
MemFree: 7412 kB
Buffers: 1404 kB
Cached: 73284 kB
SwapCached: 102004 kB
Active: 776724 kB
Inactive: 85120 kB
HighTotal: 0 kB
HighFree: 0 kB
LowTotal: 905280 kB
LowFree: 7412 kB
SwapTotal: 1048816 kB
SwapFree: 622796 kB
Dirty: 604 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
Mapped: 777052 kB
Slab: 23984 kB
Committed_AS: 1250072 kB
PageTables: 3308 kB
VmallocTotal: 122840 kB
VmallocUsed: 3520 kB
VmallocChunk: 118236 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
Hugepagesize: 4096 kB

Notice 400 MB swapped to disk, the buffers have dwindled to less than 1%
of the consumption of an unloaded system, and the I/O cache is 25% of an
unloaded system. There is noticable lag when switching between
workspaces now.

That's where the extra memory is going.

>thanks
>
>ankit
>
>___________________________________________________________ _____________
>Yahoo! Messenger - Communicate instantly..."Ping"
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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 08.10.2004 00:04:41 von chuck gelm net

Ankit Jain wrote:

>thanks a lot for help
>
>but at this moment i am trying to find out what
>services i should stop with this redhat-config service
>
>and also i am confused in 1 more topic. top shows a
>col on priority under PRI and also ps -Al shows a col
>of priority i.e PRI what is the difference b/w both
>becaz both shows different values
>
>rest inline
>
> --- Jim Nelson wrote:
>
>
>>Ankit Jain wrote:
>>
>>
>>
>>>thanks
>>>
>>>this is the output
>>>
>>>i am using redhat linux 9.0
>>>
>>>"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons
>>>
>>>
>>(PCMCIA,
>>
>>
>>>ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you
>>>
>>>
>>used
>>
>>
>>>chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
>>>unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i am
>>>intrested in closing these services
>>>
>>>thanks again
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to
>>root, and type
>>"redhat-config-services &". That will give you a
>>GUI to select the
>>services you wish to run. Depending on how much you
>>selected when
>>installing, it could be quite a bit.
>>
>>Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting into
>>command-line mode,
>>and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login
>>level.
>>
>>The only critical services controlled by this are
>>network, syslog,
>>xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS). Do not
>>disable those unless
>>you know what you're doing it for. iptables is the
>>firewall control
>>(only disable if you are in a very well protected
>>network).
>>
>>
>
>do u know any document to know all this?
>
>
>
>>Most everything else can be turned off.
>>
>>
>>
>>>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
>>> total: used: free: shared: buffers:
>>>cached:
>>>Mem: 120741888 118902784 1839104 0
>>>
>>>
>>1695744
>>
>>
>>>74162176
>>>Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
>>>MemTotal: 117912 kB
>>>MemFree: 1796 kB
>>>MemShared: 0 kB
>>>Buffers: 1656 kB
>>>Cached: 36536 kB
>>>SwapCached: 35888 kB
>>>Active: 65144 kB
>>>ActiveAnon: 37092 kB
>>>ActiveCache: 28052 kB
>>>Inact_dirty: 4852 kB
>>>Inact_laundry: 6728 kB
>>>Inact_clean: 1068 kB
>>>Inact_target: 15556 kB
>>>HighTotal: 0 kB
>>>HighFree: 0 kB
>>>LowTotal: 117912 kB
>>>LowFree: 1796 kB
>>>SwapTotal: 522072 kB
>>>SwapFree: 454192 kB
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on
>>RH9. You can do it
>>(that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's a
>>pig.
>>
>>You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your
>>total process
>>memory. BTW - what kind of computer is it? If it's
>>not some oddball
>>hardware, your best solution is some RAM. 256 MB is
>>enough to make X happy.
>>
>>
>>
>
>no X takes more than 70 % of memory with a system with
>512 Mb of RAM i had seen that
>
>and also as calculated it shows tyhat system uses
>around 99Mb of RAM but it says only 2Mb is free? what
>else is using that memory?
>
>thanks
>
>ankit
>
>
Dear Ankit:

I am not sure what your goal is.
Is it to increase available RAM by 'tuning' your system,
rather than by installing more RAM memory?
I think that 'top' will display running programs and
sort them by the memory they consume
(or try to comsume).
What programs or services are installed in your setup
and how much memory are they consuming?
You probably need look no futher than the 'top ten'.

Chuck

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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 08.10.2004 07:27:55 von ankitjain1580

--- chuck gelm wrote:
> Ankit Jain wrote:
>
> >thanks a lot for help
> >
> >but at this moment i am trying to find out what
> >services i should stop with this redhat-config
> service
> >
> >and also i am confused in 1 more topic. top shows a
> >col on priority under PRI and also ps -Al shows a
> col
> >of priority i.e PRI what is the difference b/w both
> >becaz both shows different values
> >
> >rest inline
> >
> > --- Jim Nelson wrote:
> >
> >
> >>Ankit Jain wrote:
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>>thanks
> >>>
> >>>this is the output
> >>>
> >>>i am using redhat linux 9.0
> >>>
> >>>"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons
> >>>
> >>>
> >>(PCMCIA,
> >>
> >>
> >>>ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you
> >>>
> >>>
> >>used
> >>
> >>
> >>>chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
> >>>unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i
> am
> >>>intrested in closing these services
> >>>
> >>>thanks again
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to
> >>root, and type
> >>"redhat-config-services &". That will give you a
> >>GUI to select the
> >>services you wish to run. Depending on how much
> you
> >>selected when
> >>installing, it could be quite a bit.
> >>
> >>Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting
> into
> >>command-line mode,
> >>and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login
> >>level.
> >>
> >>The only critical services controlled by this are
> >>network, syslog,
> >>xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS). Do
> not
> >>disable those unless
> >>you know what you're doing it for. iptables is
> the
> >>firewall control
> >>(only disable if you are in a very well protected
> >>network).
> >>
> >>
> >
> >do u know any document to know all this?
> >
> >
> >
> >>Most everything else can be turned off.
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
> >>> total: used: free: shared: buffers:
>
> >>>cached:
> >>>Mem: 120741888 118902784 1839104 0
> >>>
> >>>
> >>1695744
> >>
> >>
> >>>74162176
> >>>Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
> >>>MemTotal: 117912 kB
> >>>MemFree: 1796 kB
> >>>MemShared: 0 kB
> >>>Buffers: 1656 kB
> >>>Cached: 36536 kB
> >>>SwapCached: 35888 kB
> >>>Active: 65144 kB
> >>>ActiveAnon: 37092 kB
> >>>ActiveCache: 28052 kB
> >>>Inact_dirty: 4852 kB
> >>>Inact_laundry: 6728 kB
> >>>Inact_clean: 1068 kB
> >>>Inact_target: 15556 kB
> >>>HighTotal: 0 kB
> >>>HighFree: 0 kB
> >>>LowTotal: 117912 kB
> >>>LowFree: 1796 kB
> >>>SwapTotal: 522072 kB
> >>>SwapFree: 454192 kB
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on
> >>RH9. You can do it
> >>(that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's
> a
> >>pig.
> >>
> >>You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your
> >>total process
> >>memory. BTW - what kind of computer is it? If
> it's
> >>not some oddball
> >>hardware, your best solution is some RAM. 256 MB
> is
> >>enough to make X happy.
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >
> >no X takes more than 70 % of memory with a system
> with
> >512 Mb of RAM i had seen that
> >
> >and also as calculated it shows tyhat system uses
> >around 99Mb of RAM but it says only 2Mb is free?
> what
> >else is using that memory?
> >
> >thanks
> >
> >ankit
> >
> >
> Dear Ankit:
>
> I am not sure what your goal is.

:) well my goal is to increase available RAM by tuning
the sytem

11:08:00 up 25 min, 2 users, load average: 0.21,
0.13, 0.10
60 processes: 57 sleeping, 3 running, 0 zombie, 0
stopped
CPU states: 0.9% user 0.0% system 0.0% nice
0.0% iowait 99.0% idle
Mem: 117912k av, 116684k used, 1228k free,
0k shrd, 1660k buff
65128k actv, 4760k in_d,
1644k in_c
Swap: 522072k av, 40556k used, 481516k free
32240k cached

PID USER PRI NI SIZE RSS SHARE STAT %CPU %MEM
TIME CPU COMMAND
3598 root 15 0 139M 5316 872 R 0.7 4.5
0:18 0 X
3790 ankit 15 0 1048 1048 848 R 0.1 0.8
0:00 0 top
1 root 15 0 88 60 40 S 0.0 0.0
0:03 0 init
2 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 keventd
3 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kapmd
4 root 35 19 0 0 0 SWN 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 ksoftirqd_CPU0
9 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 bdflush
5 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kswapd
6 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kscand/DMA
7 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kscand/Normal
8 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kscand/HighMem
10 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 kupdated
11 root 25 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 mdrecoveryd
110 root 25 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 khubd
3180 root 15 0 188 156 112 S 0.0 0.1
0:00 0 syslogd
3184 root 15 0 56 4 0 S 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 klogd
3202 rpc 15 0 72 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 portmap
3221 rpcuser 25 0 76 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 rpc.statd
3288 root 24 0 52 4 0 S 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 apmd
3325 root 25 0 240 4 0 S 0.0 0.0
0:00 0 sshd

if u will calculate this it will show very less
compared to qhat it displays. becaz it displays
only1.5 Mb to be free

thanks

ankit
> Is it to increase available RAM by 'tuning' your
> system,
> rather than by installing more RAM memory?
> I think that 'top' will display running programs and
> sort them by the memory they consume
> (or try to comsume).
> What programs or services are installed in your
> setup
> and how much memory are they consuming?
> You probably need look no futher than the 'top ten'.
>
> Chuck
>
>
> -
> To unsubscribe from this list: send the line
> "unsubscribe linux-newbie" in
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Re: Heavy load of graphics

am 08.10.2004 16:37:09 von Ray Olszewski

Now that I better understand your goal, let me try to offer some suggestions.

First, try using "ps aux" to get a more readable, and complete, picture of
your memory use. "top" sorts by recent activity in its default setting, and
that is not the best way to find what processes are using the most memory.
"ps aux" will give you a complete list of processes running, and by
scanning the "RSS" column (or running the output through "sort" using that
column), you can spot the ones using a lot of RAM.

From what you sent, X *itself* is probably not the culprit in your case.
Though its VSS size is high, its RSS size is only about 6 MB (4.5% of RAM).
Since you only sent a list of the top 20 or so processes sorted by by CPU
use (not by RAM use), no one will be able to use this list to suggest ways
to trim memory use.

What running processes you can trim depends on what you are using the
system for. A workstation oriented toward development, for example, needs
fewer services running than a system indended to provide, say, e-mail
forwarding to a LAN.

Your choice of window manager also matters. For example, here on a
workstation I run KDE, and it starts up a whole bunch of k* processes. Each
individually uses very little RAM, but there are something like 20 of them,
and cumulatively they occupy a lot of RAM. I can put up with this load
because I have 768 MB of RAM in the system, but ut would be intolerable on
a system sized like yours.

If you don't need all the KDE hoohas, you can switch to a more lightweight
window manager -- for example, blackbox, XFce, or fluxbox ... actually,
when compared to KDE, almost *any* other WM is "lightweight" -- and save a
lot of RAM. (If you really need to run KDE, you probably want to take the
suggestion someone else (Chuck? Jim? it's hard to tell who said what)
already made to increase physical RAM.)

BTW, when considering priority issues, you would do better to focus on the
NI (nice'ness) entry for each process, not its PRI (priority) entry. The NI
value reflects what you (or root) can reset with "nice", and that is
probably more important to you than varying representations of the actual,
running priority (PRI) of the process.

I don't know, or recall, what the difference you are seeing means ... but
as a general matter, "ps" options that are preceded by a "-" call for
AT&T-style Unix syntax, while ones without the "-" call for BSD syntax.
"top", I believe, uses BSD syntax. So to figure out how the two PRI
representations differ, I would look into the differences between the two
Unix forks.

If your looking at PRI is based on the system responding sluggishly ... I
suspect that derives from its use of swap. Compared to physical RAM, swap
access is painfully slow. It just doesn't support acceptable (by most
people) performance for real-time processes like UIs or the usual desktop
applications. Your other focus, on reducing use of RAM, is the right place
to concentrate your efforts.

At 06:27 AM 10/8/2004 +0100, Ankit Jain wrote:
> --- chuck gelm wrote:
> > Ankit Jain wrote:
> >
> > >thanks a lot for help
> > >
> > >but at this moment i am trying to find out what
> > >services i should stop with this redhat-config
> > service
> > >
> > >and also i am confused in 1 more topic. top shows a
> > >col on priority under PRI and also ps -Al shows a
> > col
> > >of priority i.e PRI what is the difference b/w both
> > >becaz both shows different values
> > >
> > >rest inline
> > >
> > > --- Jim Nelson wrote:
> > >
> > >
> > >>Ankit Jain wrote:
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>>thanks
> > >>>
> > >>>this is the output
> > >>>
> > >>>i am using redhat linux 9.0
> > >>>
> > >>>"I know Red Hat has a lot of standard daemons
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>(PCMCIA,
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>>ISDN, etc) that are started by default - have you
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>used
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>>chkconfig or redhat-config-services to shut off
> > >>>unneded services?" as u said...how to do this. i
> > am
> > >>>intrested in closing these services
> > >>>
> > >>>thanks again
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>Easiest way to do this is to start an xterm, su to
> > >>root, and type
> > >>"redhat-config-services &". That will give you a
> > >>GUI to select the
> > >>services you wish to run. Depending on how much
> > you
> > >>selected when
> > >>installing, it could be quite a bit.
> > >>
> > >>Runlevel 3 is the Red Hat standard for booting
> > into
> > >>command-line mode,
> > >>and runlevel 5 is the standard graphical login
> > >>level.
> > >>
> > >>The only critical services controlled by this are
> > >>network, syslog,
> > >>xinetd, and nfslock (if you are using NFS). Do
> > not
> > >>disable those unless
> > >>you know what you're doing it for. iptables is
> > the
> > >>firewall control
> > >>(only disable if you are in a very well protected
> > >>network).
> > >>
> > >>
> > >
> > >do u know any document to know all this?
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >>Most everything else can be turned off.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>>[ankit@Ankit ankit]$ cat /proc/meminfo
> > >>> total: used: free: shared: buffers:
> >
> > >>>cached:
> > >>>Mem: 120741888 118902784 1839104 0
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>1695744
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>>74162176
> > >>>Swap: 534601728 69509120 465092608
> > >>>MemTotal: 117912 kB
> > >>>MemFree: 1796 kB
> > >>>MemShared: 0 kB
> > >>>Buffers: 1656 kB
> > >>>Cached: 36536 kB
> > >>>SwapCached: 35888 kB
> > >>>Active: 65144 kB
> > >>>ActiveAnon: 37092 kB
> > >>>ActiveCache: 28052 kB
> > >>>Inact_dirty: 4852 kB
> > >>>Inact_laundry: 6728 kB
> > >>>Inact_clean: 1068 kB
> > >>>Inact_target: 15556 kB
> > >>>HighTotal: 0 kB
> > >>>HighFree: 0 kB
> > >>>LowTotal: 117912 kB
> > >>>LowFree: 1796 kB
> > >>>SwapTotal: 522072 kB
> > >>>SwapFree: 454192 kB
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>128 MB RAM is marginal for using KDE or Gnome on
> > >>RH9. You can do it
> > >>(that's all I had on my first Linux box) but it's
> > a
> > >>pig.
> > >>
> > >>You've got almost 70 MB in swap - over 30% of your
> > >>total process
> > >>memory. BTW - what kind of computer is it? If
> > it's
> > >>not some oddball
> > >>hardware, your best solution is some RAM. 256 MB
> > is
> > >>enough to make X happy.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >
> > >no X takes more than 70 % of memory with a system
> > with
> > >512 Mb of RAM i had seen that
> > >
> > >and also as calculated it shows tyhat system uses
> > >around 99Mb of RAM but it says only 2Mb is free?
> > what
> > >else is using that memory?
> > >
> > >thanks
> > >
> > >ankit
> > >
> > >
> > Dear Ankit:
> >
> > I am not sure what your goal is.
>
>:) well my goal is to increase available RAM by tuning
>the sytem
>
>11:08:00 up 25 min, 2 users, load average: 0.21,
>0.13, 0.10
>60 processes: 57 sleeping, 3 running, 0 zombie, 0
>stopped
>CPU states: 0.9% user 0.0% system 0.0% nice
>0.0% iowait 99.0% idle
>Mem: 117912k av, 116684k used, 1228k free,
>0k shrd, 1660k buff
> 65128k actv, 4760k in_d,
>1644k in_c
>Swap: 522072k av, 40556k used, 481516k free
> 32240k cached
>
>
> PID USER PRI NI SIZE RSS SHARE STAT %CPU %MEM
> TIME CPU COMMAND
> 3598 root 15 0 139M 5316 872 R 0.7 4.5
> 0:18 0 X
> 3790 ankit 15 0 1048 1048 848 R 0.1 0.8
> 0:00 0 top
> 1 root 15 0 88 60 40 S 0.0 0.0
> 0:03 0 init
> 2 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 keventd
> 3 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 kapmd
> 4 root 35 19 0 0 0 SWN 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 ksoftirqd_CPU0
> 9 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 bdflush
> 5 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 kswapd
> 6 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 kscand/DMA
> 7 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 kscand/Normal
> 8 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 kscand/HighMem
> 10 root 15 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 kupdated
> 11 root 25 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 mdrecoveryd
> 110 root 25 0 0 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 khubd
> 3180 root 15 0 188 156 112 S 0.0 0.1
> 0:00 0 syslogd
> 3184 root 15 0 56 4 0 S 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 klogd
> 3202 rpc 15 0 72 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 portmap
> 3221 rpcuser 25 0 76 0 0 SW 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 rpc.statd
> 3288 root 24 0 52 4 0 S 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 apmd
> 3325 root 25 0 240 4 0 S 0.0 0.0
> 0:00 0 sshd
>
>if u will calculate this it will show very less
>compared to qhat it displays. becaz it displays
>only1.5 Mb to be free
>
>thanks
>
>ankit
> > Is it to increase available RAM by 'tuning' your
> > system,
> > rather than by installing more RAM memory?
> > I think that 'top' will display running programs and
> > sort them by the memory they consume
> > (or try to comsume).
> > What programs or services are installed in your
> > setup
> > and how much memory are they consuming?
> > You probably need look no futher than the 'top ten'.
> >

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