PHP Warning: mysql_query(): MySQL server has gone away

I have a query...

INSERT IGNORE INTO archive.history2 SELECT * FROM main.history2 =
ORDER BY main.history2.id ASC LIMIT 1000000

....that after a certain number of records in the LIMIT clause, fails. =
Specifically, it fails when run at the command line (as a PHP script) =
with the error:

PHP Warning: mysql_query(): MySQL server has gone away

However, the same query executes fine when run at the mysql command =
prompt, or from within Sequel Pro -- can execute it with a LIMIT clause =
of 2 million. So, it appears I'm exhausting some MySQL limit or system =
resource, but before I go blindly raising values, I would like to =
understand which ones can cause this. About the query, it's meant to =
archive old records from one database table to a different database. It =
works fine on smaller history tables, but on bigger ones, with more than =
500,000 rows, it starts to fail.

What sorts of limits would this start to hit from a PHP command-line =
script, but not the interactive MySQL shell?

....Rene=

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